ABSTRACT
The initial case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in India was reported on January 30, 2020, and subsequently, the number of COVID-19-infected patients surged during the first wave of April 2020 and the second wave in the same month of 2021. The government of India imposed a strict nationwide lockdown in April 2020 and extended it until May 2020. The second wave of COVID-19 in India overwhelmed the country's health facilities and exhausted its medical and paramedical workforce. This narrative review was conducted with the aim of summarizing the evidence drawn from policy documents of governmental and non-governmental organizations, as well as capturing India's COVID-19 vaccination efforts. The findings from this review cover the Indian government's vaccination initiatives, which ranged from steps taken to combat vaccine hesitancy to vaccination roadmaps, deployment plans, the use of digital health technology, vaccination monitoring, adverse effects, and innovative strategies such as Har Ghar Dastak and Jan Bhagidari Andolan (people's participation). These efforts collectively culminated in the successful administration of more than 1.8 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines in India. This review also provides insights into other countries' responses to COVID-19 and guidance for future pandemics.
ABSTRACT
Background: The coronavirus disease (SARS-COV-2) is an infectious disease caused by a coronavirus (Covid-19), which was first detected in clusters of pneumonia-like diseases in Wuhan City of china on December 31st, 2019. WHO already declared a global pandemic in April 2020 when this infection spread to more than 230 countries. Overall, 20-30 % of cases in the United States have required hospitalisation, resulting in a substantial burden on health care workers and the U.SHealth care system and other world economies including developed and developing countries like India. The Indian national expert group on vaccine administration for covid-19 (NEGVAC) will guide all aspects of covid-19 vaccine planning in India. In response to alleviate the severity of Covid-19 infection spread, our scientists have developed one vaccine with AstraZeneca collaboration, as Covishield and another Covaxin from serum institute. The aim is a prospective study on the effectiveness of the Covid-19 vaccine among health care providers. Aim(s): The study aims to describe the role of the vaccine in health care providers exposed to sars-cov-2 infection during the post-vaccination period of 6 months duration. The objective is to Primary To evaluate the efficacy of the Covid-19 vaccine among health care providers. Secondary - evaluation of the effectiveness of Covid-19 vaccine among different age groups of health care providers, detected Covid-19 positive by RT-PCR Test before vaccination. Evaluation of the effectiveness of covid-19 vaccine among a subgroup of Health care providers in which RT-PCR tests were found negative before vaccination. Material(s) and Method(s): This project was completed after covid-19 vaccines among exposed health care providers with and without prior history of covid-19 infection and followed up for a post-vaccination period of 6 months to assess the incidences of Covid-19 cases. The covid-19 vaccine intelligence network(CO-WIN) systems digital platform will be utilised to track the enlisted health care and frontline workers for vaccination and administration of vaccine on a real time basis. Result(s): The total number of RT-PCR confirmed cases among participants was 126(11%) out of 1140;which comprises of;in fully vaccinated, partially vaccinated and non-vaccinated participitants were 39(5.5%), 77(19.25%) and 10(26.31%) respectively. Conclusion(s): The covishield vaccine provides significant protection against the covid-19 infection, hence rapid vaccination along with other social measures likes hand sanitization, use of mask and social distancing are the most important weapons of humanity to fight this horrible disease named covid-19 Infection. Copyright © Necati Ozpinar. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
India, the second-most populous country in the world, is struggling with the second wave of the COVID-19 triggered by SARS-CoV-2. This letter aims to highlight the necessity of the vaccine certificate during nationwide traveling to prevent further waves of the COVID-19 in the different states of India. Such policies have already been in existence for international travel termed as vaccine passports. The compulsory vaccine certificates need to be in existence to prevent the rapid spread of the COVID-19 as well as the future waves of this pandemic in India. There is an urgent need forStandard Operating Procedure (SOP) on preventive measures to control the spread of COVID-19 nationwide by including the vaccine certificate for domestic travel between the cities and states.